Game Master's Guide

Everything you need to run Ashfall. Build encounters, generate content, and bring the wasteland to life.

Your First Session

You can be running a game in under 30 minutes. Four steps.

1

A complete one-shot with everything you need: read-aloud text, NPC motivations, maps, and encounter stats.

2

Four ready-to-play Level 1 characters with gear, goals, and backstories. Or use the full character creation rules.

3

3-action economy, attacks, damage, and reactions. You will reference this the most at the table.

4
Play! 2-3 hours

Describe the world, ask the players what they do, and roll dice when the outcome is uncertain.

You don't need to memorize anything. The starter scenario tells you what to do, the pregens are ready to go, and the rules are here when you need them. Just describe the world, ask the players what they do, and roll dice when the outcome is uncertain.

How Encounters Work

Enough to build your first encounter. The full system is in Running the Game.

CR Budget Party Level Sum × Difficulty Multiplier
Difficulty Multiplier
Easy 0.4
Medium 0.6
Hard 0.8
Deadly 1.0

Start with Medium difficulty. Adjust based on how your table handles it. A party of four Level 1 characters has a level sum of 4 — so a Medium encounter has a CR budget of 2.4.

Full encounter building rules →

Running the Wasteland

Principles that make Ashfall sessions sing.

Gritty Rests Shape Everything

Short rests take 8 hours. Long rests take a full week. Every fight has consequences that echo for days. Plan your pacing around this economy — it is the engine that drives tension.

Ammo and Supplies Are Currency

Track consumables. When the party counts their last three magazines and their last stim, that is when Ashfall is at its best. Scarcity creates drama without you having to invent it.

The Wasteland Is a Character

Radiation zones, toxic atmospheres, ash storms, dimensional anomalies — the environment is as dangerous as any raider band. Use weather tables and hazards to keep it unpredictable.

Let Factions Move

Between sessions, advance faction goals. The Iron Wolves raid a trade route. Dynaxis opens a new factory. The Ashen Veil pushes deeper into the Voidscars. The world should change whether the players act or not.

Bounded Lethality Means Respect

A max +18 bonus cap means even veteran characters respect a well-armed squad. Do not let players feel invincible — the wasteland punishes overconfidence.

Start Small, Let Players Drive

A single settlement. A few NPCs with conflicting needs. A threat on the horizon. Ashfall shines when the players' choices create the story, not a pre-written script.